Memory Cycle Ledger

A slow record of the memory-chip cycle: a small set of hard series, each point carrying its source and date, held against tripwires stated in advance. Updated when a series prints, not on a clock.

Tripwires fired

1of 8

All 10 series currentEvaluated 2026-10-09

Assessmentas of 2026-10-09

The shipment, pricing and demand-side series still do not show a cycle turn, and no tripwire changed state. Micron's year-end filing shows contract liabilities of $13.0bn, up from $422mn a quarter earlier, mostly deposits customers paid to secure supply under strategic agreements. The contract price outlook remains the series that changed most: increases forecast for the fourth quarter are 10 to 15% for DRAM and 15 to 20% for NAND.

Micron's 10-K: customer deposits rise to $13.0bn ↓

Tripwires

Each tripwire is a threshold on one series, worded before the data arrives and never edited afterwards. The shaded band in each graphic is the firing side of the threshold. A fired tripwire is a recorded observation about the cycle, not a call on any security.

ShipmentsNot fired

Korean chip exports roll over

+29.9%

3 months to 2026-09 vs the 3 before

0%Sep 26: +29.9%Jun 25Sep 26

Fires below 0% · data to 2026-09-30

Rule

The latest three full months of Korean semiconductor exports sum to less than the three months before them.

Year-on-year growth above 200% will decelerate on base effects alone, so the test is on the dollar level. A rolling three-month window absorbs the quarter-end shipment bulge.

Worded 2026-10-02

PricingNot fired

Contract price outlook turns flat or negative

+12.5%

2026-Q4 outlook, DRAM midpoint (the lower of the two)

0%2025-Q1: −12.5%2025-Q2: −2.5%2025-Q3: +7.5%2025-Q4: +7.5%2026-Q1: +35.5%2026-Q2: +60.5%2026-Q3: +12.5%2026-Q4: +12.5%2025-Q12026-Q4

Fires at or below 0% · data to 2026-09-30

Rule

TrendForce's first-published outlook for a quarter has a midpoint at or below zero for conventional DRAM or for NAND Flash.

Contract prices are what memory makers are paid. A flat-to-down outlook is the pricing leg of the cycle turning.

Worded 2026-10-02

DemandNot fired

Hyperscaler capex falls

+27.2%

combined capex, 2026-Q2 vs 2026-Q1

0%2026-Q2: +27.2%2023-Q22026-Q2

Fires on two straight quarters below 0% · data to 2026-06-30

Rule

Combined quarterly capex of Microsoft, Meta, Alphabet and Amazon falls from the prior quarter for two quarters in a row.

These four are the largest buyers of server memory. One down quarter is common seasonally; two is a change of direction.

Worded 2026-10-02

DemandNot fired

Hyperscalers lower capex guidance

0 of 4

hyperscalers lowered their capex guide at the latest report

  • AMZNraised
  • GOOGraised
  • METAraised
  • MSFTmaintained

Fires at 2 lowered · data to 2026-07-30

Rule

Two or more of the four hyperscalers lower their capex guide at their most recent earnings report.

Guidance moves before realized spending does. Reclassifications that change the stated figure without changing the plan are recorded as maintained.

Worded 2026-10-02

CapitalNot fired

Capex outruns cash flow across the cohort

1 of 12

cohort members with capex above operating cash flow

0.00.51.0SNDK: 0.02NVDA: 0.05KLAC: 0.09ASML: 0.12LRCX: 0.16AMD: 0.17AMAT: 0.33MU: 0.34MSFT: 0.63META: 0.69GOOG: 0.71AMZN: 1.07AMZN

Fires at 3 above 1.0 · data to 2026-09-03

Rule

Three or more cohort members have trailing-twelve-month capex above operating cash flow.

Capacity committed beyond what operations fund has to be financed, and it arrives whether or not demand holds.

Worded 2026-10-02

CapitalNot fired

Customer prepayments fall

0 of 2

balances below the prior reported balance

  • Sandisk+143%
  • Micron+2981%

Fires at 1 lower · data to 2026-09-03

Rule

Contract liabilities at Micron or Sandisk fall from the prior reported balance.

Customers prepay to secure supply when it is scarce. A falling balance means prepayments are being consumed faster than new ones are signed.

Worded 2026-10-02

ExpectationsFired

Memory makers report below consensus

2 of 5

memory makers below consensus at the latest report

  • Micron+2.6%
  • Sandisk+11.7%
  • SK Hynix−5.5%
  • Samsung+1.6%
  • Kioxia−7.3%

Fires at 2 below · data to 2026-09-30

Rule

Two or more of the five memory makers (Micron, Sandisk, SK Hynix, Samsung, Kioxia) reported below consensus in their most recent result.

In July 2026 one result below consensus coincided with a 40-55% decline in memory equities while absolute results were at records. This tripwire measures delivery against what was expected, which nothing else in the ledger does.

Worded 2026-10-02

SupplyNot fired

CXMT reaches 15% of DRAM revenue

10%

of global DRAM revenue, 2026-Q2 (highest estimate)

15%2025-Q2: +4%2026-Q1: +8%2026-Q2: +10%2025-Q22026-Q2

Fires at 15% · data to 2026-09-24

Rule

A TrendForce or Counterpoint quarterly estimate puts CXMT's share of global DRAM revenue at 15% or higher.

CXMT's share was about 4% in mid-2025 and about 10% in mid-2026. At 15% it would be a fourth supplier of comparable weight to Micron in a market that has had three.

Worded 2026-10-02

Shipments and pricing

Korea semiconductor exports, US$ bn per month

$60.3bn

September 2026 · +262.8% year on year · highest month in the record

$0bn$20bn$40bn$60bn$80bnJan 25Apr 25Jul 25Oct 25Jan 26Apr 26Jul 26$60.3bn
Data table
MonthExportsYoYSource
2026-09$60.3bn+262.8%2026-10-01
2026-08$46.65bn+209.0%2026-09-01
2026-07$41.01bn+178.8%2026-08-03
2026-06$44.82bn+199.5%2026-07-01
2026-05$37.2bn+169.4%2026-06-01
2026-04$31.9bn+173.5%2026-05-04
2026-03$32.8bn+151.4%2026-04-01
2026-02$25.16bn+160.8%2026-03-01
2026-01$20.54bn+102.7%2026-02-01
2025-12$20.8bn+43.2%2026-01-01
2025-11$17.3bn+38.6%2025-12-01
2025-10$15.7bn+25.4%2025-11-03
2025-09$16.6bn+22.0%2025-10-01
2025-08$15.1bn+27.1%2025-09-02
2025-07$14.71bn+31.6%2025-08-01
2025-06$15bn+11.6%2025-07-01
2025-05$13.8bn+21.2%2025-06-02
2025-04$11.7bn+17.2%2025-05-02
2025-03$13.1bn+11.9%2025-04-01
2025-02$9.6bn−3.0%2025-03-04
2025-01$10.1bn+8.1%2025-02-02

Full-month semiconductor export value and year-on-year change. Korea is home to two of the three large DRAM makers, so this is the earliest broad monthly read on memory shipments and pricing. Flash (10-day, 20-day) figures are excluded.

Newest data 2026-09-30Tripwire: Not fired

Contract price outlook, % change quarter on quarter

DRAM +10 to 15% · NAND +15 to 20%

2026-Q4 outlook · 2026-Q3 was DRAM +13 to 18%, NAND +10 to 15%

Conventional DRAMNAND Flash
-20%0%20%40%60%80%2025-Q12025-Q22025-Q32025-Q42026-Q12026-Q22026-Q32026-Q4
Data table
QuarterDRAMNANDLater revisions
2026-Q410 to 15%15 to 20%
2026-Q313 to 18%10 to 15%
2026-Q258 to 63%70 to 75%
2026-Q155 to 60%33 to 38%2026-02-02: Conventional DRAM revised from +55–60% to +90–95%2026-02-02: NAND Flash revised from +33–38% to +55–60%
2025-Q48 to 13%5 to 10%2025-10-29: Conventional DRAM revised from +8–13% to +18–23%
2025-Q310 to 15%5 to 10%
2025-Q2-5 to 0%no blended range published
2025-Q1-13 to -8%-15 to -10%

TrendForce's forecast quarter-on-quarter change in blended conventional DRAM and NAND Flash contract prices, recorded as first published for each quarter. Revisions are kept alongside.

Newest data 2026-09-30Tripwire: Not fired

Demand-side spending

Hyperscaler capex, US$ bn per quarter

$165.1bn

2026-Q2, four companies combined · +27.2% on the prior quarter

MSFTMETAGOOGAMZN
$0bn$50bn$100bn$150bn$200bn2023-Q12023-Q42024-Q32025-Q22026-Q1$165bn
Data table
QuarterMSFTMETAGOOGAMZNCombined
2026-Q235.830.144.954.2165.1
2026-Q130.919.035.744.2129.8
2025-Q429.921.427.939.5118.6
2025-Q319.418.824.035.197.3
2025-Q217.116.522.432.288.2
2025-Q116.712.917.225.071.9
2024-Q415.814.414.327.872.3
2024-Q314.98.313.122.658.9
2024-Q213.98.213.217.652.9
2024-Q111.06.412.014.944.3
2023-Q49.77.611.014.642.9
2023-Q39.96.58.112.536.9
2023-Q28.96.16.911.533.4
2023-Q16.66.86.314.233.9

Quarterly purchases of property and equipment for Microsoft, Meta, Alphabet and Amazon, summed. The demand side of the memory cycle.

Newest data 2026-06-30Tripwire: Not fired

Hyperscaler capex guidance

3 raised · 1 maintained · 0 lowered

latest report from each company, through 2026-07-30

MSFTCY2026 $175bnfrom $190bnCalendar-2026 capex expectations unchanged in substance, but the useful-life change shifts data center leases from finance to operating, adjusting the reported expectation to ~$175B; Q1 FY27 capex over $50B.= maintained2026-07-29
METAFY2026 $130 to 145bnfrom $115 to 135bn → $125 to 145bn2026 capex narrowed to $130-145B from $125-145B (low end raised, high end unchanged).▲ raised2026-07-29
GOOGFY2026 $195 to 205bnfrom $175 to 185bn → $180 to 190bn2026 capex range updated to $195-205B from $180-190B, primarily due to accelerated capacity delivery.▲ raised2026-07-22
AMZNFY2026 $220bnfrom $200bnNow expect approximately $220B cash capex in 2026, up from prior estimate of about $200B, driven by higher memory costs.▲ raised2026-07-30
Notes on each guide, and comments on the following year
CompanyNoteFollowing year
MSFTStated figure fell from about $190B to about $175B because data-center leases were reclassified from finance to operating leases, which are not counted as capex; Microsoft said its calendar-2026 plans were otherwise unchanged. Recorded as maintained because the ledger tracks the spending plan. IMPORTANT: the reported number fell ($190B -> ~$175B) only because of an accounting change (data center useful life extended 15 -> 25 years, moving future leases from finance to operating, which are excluded from capex). The preceding sentence says: 'Outside of this useful life impact, our calendar year 2026 CapEx investment expectations remain unchanged.' Treat as maintained on an underlying basis; not like-for-like with the April guide.Expect FY2027 capital expenditures to grow year-over-year, given demand signals across the portfolio.
METACompany language is 'narrowed', not 'increased'; classified 'raised' because the low end moved up and the high end did not move. On the call (Q2 2026 transcript PDF), Susan Li: 'we aren't providing a specific outlook for 2027 CapEx at this time.'no comment recorded
GOOGCFO Anat Ashkenazi on call. Guidance is not in the Q2 2026 earnings release itself (call only).Continue to expect CapEx to increase significantly in 2027; more details later.
AMZNStated by CEO Andy Jassy; attributed the increase to 'the higher cost of memory pushing this number up from our prior estimate of about $200 billion.'No 2027 dollar figure; Jassy said the lion's share of 2027 capacity being added is largely reserved.

The forward capex guide each hyperscaler gave at each earnings report, and whether it was raised, held or lowered against the prior report.

Newest data 2026-07-30Tripwire: Not fired

Capital commitment

Capex / operating cash flow, trailing twelve months

1 of 12 above 1.0

AMZN 1.07 · cohort median 0.25 · the four hyperscalers are charted

MSFTMETAGOOGAMZN
00.250.50.7511.252023-Q42024-Q32025-Q22026-Q1capex = operating cash flowAMZNGOOGMETAMSFT
All cohort members, latest reading
CompanyRoleCapex / OCFPeriod endBasis
AMZNhyperscaler1.072026-06-30four quarters
GOOGhyperscaler0.712026-06-30four quarters
METAhyperscaler0.692026-06-30four quarters
MSFThyperscaler0.632026-06-30four quarters
MUmemory-maker0.342026-09-03four quarters
AMATequipment0.332026-07-26four quarters
AMDhbm-consumer0.172026-06-27four quarters
LRCXequipment0.162026-06-28four quarters
ASMLequipment0.122025-12-31fiscal year
KLACequipment0.092026-06-30four quarters
NVDAhbm-consumer0.052026-07-26four quarters
SNDKmemory-maker0.022026-07-03four quarters

Trailing-twelve-month capital expenditure divided by operating cash flow, per US-filing cohort member. Above 1.0 a company is spending more on capacity than its operations generate. Sandisk's fab investment runs through its joint venture with Kioxia and is understated here.

Newest data 2026-09-03Tripwire: Not fired

Customer prepayments at memory makers, US$ mn

Micron $13,000mn · Sandisk $1,242mn

latest reported balances (2026-Q3, 2026-Q2)

MicronSandisk
$0mn$5bn$10bn$15bn2024-Q22024-Q42025-Q22025-Q42026-Q2MicronSandisk
Data table
QuarterMicronSandisk
2026-Q3$13,000mnnot reported
2026-Q2$422mn$1,242mn
2026-Q1not reported$511mn
2025-Q4not reportednot reported
2025-Q3$169mnnot reported
2025-Q2$146mn$25mn
2025-Q1$555mnnot reported
2024-Q4$614mnnot reported
2024-Q3$907mnnot reported
2024-Q2$756mnnot reported

Contract liabilities (cash received from customers ahead of delivery) on the balance sheets of Micron and Sandisk. A hard proxy for long-term supply agreements with prepayment: customers paying ahead to secure supply.

Newest data 2026-09-03Tripwire: Not fired

Delivery against expectations

Memory makers: results vs consensus, last four reports

2 of 5 below consensus at the latest report

SK Hynix, Kioxia

Earlier reportsLatest reportMicron+17.4%aboveFY2026 Q1EPS 4.78 vs 4.07+27.3%aboveFY2026 Q2EPS 12.2 vs 9.58+17.3%aboveFY2026 Q3EPS 25.11 vs 21.40+2.6%aboveFY2026 Q4EPS 33.42 vs 32.56Sandisk+27.8%aboveFY2026 Q1EPS 1.22 vs 0.95+76.3%aboveFY2026 Q2EPS 6.2 vs 3.52+57.9%aboveFY2026 Q3EPS 23.41 vs 14.83+11.7%aboveFY2026 Q4EPS 39.25 vs 35.14SK Hynixin lineQ3 202511.4 trn won, consensus not stated+8.5%aboveQ4 202519.2 vs 17.7 trn won+3.3%aboveQ1 202637.6 vs 36.4 trn won−5.5%belowQ2 202660.5 vs 64 trn wonSamsung+20.0%aboveQ3 202512.2 vs 10.1 trn won+11.1%aboveQ4 202520 vs 18 trn won+40.9%aboveQ1 202657.2 vs 40.6 trn won+1.6%aboveQ2 202689.5 vs 88.1 trn wonKioxianot recordednot recordedbelowQ2 FY2025 (Jul-Sep 2025)87.2 bn yen, consensus not stated−7.3%belowQ1 FY2026 (Apr-Jun 2026)1,270 vs 1,370.1 bn yen

Whether each reported result came in above or below the consensus stated at the time. US companies are compared on earnings per share, the others on operating profit; consensus providers differ by article and are named in the source. The percentage is the gap between the reported figure and consensus.

Newest data 2026-07-31Tripwire: Fired

China supply

CXMT and YMTC: share of global revenue, %

CXMT 10% of DRAM revenue

2026-Q2, highest published estimate · 4% in 2025-Q2

CXMT, DRAMYMTC, NAND
0%5%10%15%2025-Q22025-Q32025-Q42026-Q12026-Q2tripwire for CXMT (DRAM only), 15%YMTC, NANDCXMT, DRAM
Every share estimate, by firm
CompanyMarketQuarterShareEstimate by
CXMTDRAM2025-Q24%Counterpoint, 2026-09-04
CXMTDRAM2026-Q18%Counterpoint, 2026-05-26
CXMTDRAM2026-Q17.6%TrendForce, 2026-07-27
CXMTDRAM2026-Q210%Counterpoint, 2026-09-04
CXMTDRAM2026-Q29.5%TrendForce, 2026-09-24
YMTCNAND2025-Q211%Counterpoint, 2026-09-03
YMTCNAND2025-Q310%Counterpoint, 2026-09-03
YMTCNAND2025-Q412%Counterpoint, 2026-09-03
YMTCNAND2026-Q114%Counterpoint, 2026-09-03
YMTCNAND2026-Q113%Counterpoint (via TechNode), 2026-06-22
YMTCNAND2026-Q214%Counterpoint, 2026-09-03
Wafer capacity estimates (thousand wafers per month)

Quarterly revenue-share estimates from TrendForce and Counterpoint; where the two differ the higher is charted and both are in the table. CXMT makes DRAM and YMTC makes NAND, so the two lines are shares of different markets.

Newest data 2026-09-24Tripwire: Not fired

CXMT and YMTC: listing, financial and policy events

  1. 2026-09-01CXMT sued the Pentagon over its Section 1260H listing (reported 2026-09-01, per Reuters; filing day given only as 'Friday').
  2. 2026-08-31CXMT first post-IPO interim report: H1 2026 revenue RMB 150.3bn (+873.64% YoY), net earnings RMB 77.6bn.
  3. 2026-08-24YMTC prospectus: Q1 2026 revenue RMB 47.04bn, net profit RMB 33.38bn; first turned profitable in 2024.
  4. 2026-08-2421jingji estimate: YMTC market cap of around RMB 3 trillion after listing (IPO application under review).
  5. 2026-08-21SSE accepted YMTC's STAR Market IPO application (week of 2026-08-21) seeking RMB 33bn, issuing 1.98bn-2.43bn A-shares (10-12% of post-offering capital).
  6. 2026-07-28CXMT listed on the SSE STAR Market on 2026-07-27, raising RMB 57.92bn (~6.69bn shares at RMB 8.66), the largest A-share IPO of 2026.
Earlier events (17)
ReportedCompanyEvent
2026-07-28CXMTFirst-day close roughly 466% above the RMB 8.66 offer price (opened at RMB 49.50; intraday peak ~535%).
2026-07-28CXMTCommerce Department reportedly paused a recommendation to add CXMT to the Entity List in June 2026.
2026-07-28CXMTScheduled: from Dec 23, 2027, Section 5949 of the FY2023 NDAA bars all federal agencies from procuring CXMT semiconductor products (an indirect DoD ban on end items containing 1260H-entity goods starts June 30, 2027).
2026-07-27CXMTCXMT's STAR Market IPO application was accepted by the Shanghai Stock Exchange on 2025-12-20; listing committee deliberation 2026-05-27; CSRC approval 2026-06-12.
2026-07-27CXMTCXMT IPO passed the SSE listing committee on 2026-05-27 and received CSRC registration approval on 2026-06-12.
2026-07-27CXMTMarket capitalization at the IPO offer price exceeded RMB 579bn; ~RMB 57.9bn raised before over-allotment.
2026-07-27CXMTFirst day (2026-07-27): shares rose as much as 471.6% to RMB 49.50 vs RMB 8.66 offer, lifting market cap to ~RMB 3.3 trillion (US$487bn), China's most valuable listed company.
2026-07-25CXMTMATCH Act passed the House Foreign Affairs Committee in April 2026; it would extend the DUV export ban to CXMT and bar ASML from servicing its installed tools (not enacted as of source date).
2026-06-12CXMTDoD's June 8, 2026 Section 1260H list kept CXMT and YMTC on the list (reversing the withdrawn February version); DoD direct procurement ban effective June 30, 2026.
2026-06-12YMTCDoD's June 8, 2026 Section 1260H list kept YMTC (and CXMT) on the list, reversing the withdrawn February version. YMTC has been on the Commerce Entity List since December 2022.
2026-05-28CXMTCXMT prospectus: 2025 revenue RMB 61.799bn, up 155.60% YoY.
2026-05-28CXMTPlanned IPO fundraising per prospectus: RMB 29.5bn (the amount actually raised at pricing was RMB 57.9bn).
2026-05-22CXMTCXMT prospectus: Q1 2026 revenue RMB 50.8bn and net profit RMB 24.7bn.
2026-02-13CXMTA Feb 2026 Pentagon notice said CXMT (and YMTC) would be removed from the Section 1260H list (on which they appeared as of the Jan 7, 2025 list); the notice was later withdrawn.
2026-02-13YMTCA Feb 2026 Pentagon notice said YMTC (and CXMT) would be removed from the Section 1260H list; the notice was later withdrawn.
2025-09-26YMTCYMTC Holding valuation reached RMB 161.6bn (~US$22.7bn) after funding from 16 institutional investors (April 2025, per Caixin timeline); restructured into a joint-stock company Sept 2025 ahead of an IPO.
2025-01-16CXMTCXMT was not added to the US Entity List in the December 2024 export-control round, though DoD had identified it as military-associated.

Dated estimates of CXMT (DRAM) and YMTC (NAND) market share and wafer capacity, plus listing and policy events. Added after July 2026.

Equity prices, for context

Memory makers, indexed to 100 on 2025-10-01 (log scale)

15% to 52% below peak

five memory makers, latest close against each one's high since May 2026

MicronSandiskSK HynixSamsungKioxiaSOXX
1002005001,0002,000Oct 25Dec 25Feb 26Apr 26Jun 26Aug 26Oct 26SandiskKioxiaMicronSK HynixSamsungSOXX
Since May 2026Peak to lowNow vs peak
Micron−39%−15%
Sandisk−56%−31%
SK Hynix−55%−42%
Samsung−43%−28%
Kioxia−65%−52%
Peak, following low and latest close, with dates
CompanyPeakLow after peakPeak to lowLatestLatest vs peak
Micron1,213.56 (2026-06-25)739 (2026-07-29)−39%1,034.03 (2026-10-09)−15%
Sandisk2,335 (2026-06-25)1,015.89 (2026-07-29)−56%1,613.86 (2026-10-09)−31%
SK Hynix2,919,000 (2026-06-22)1,322,000 (2026-07-30)−55%1,681,000 (2026-10-08)−42%
Samsung362,500 (2026-06-18)207,000 (2026-07-30)−43%262,000 (2026-10-08)−28%
Kioxia36,233.33 (2026-06-22)12,793.33 (2026-07-29)−65%17,505 (2026-10-09)−52%

Share prices are not a cycle indicator and no tripwire reads them. They are shown because the gap between what prices do and what the series above do is itself worth recording. Local-currency closes, rebased; the dashed line is a semiconductor benchmark.

Newest data 2026-10-09

Update log

2026-10-09 · Micron filed its fiscal 2026 10-K on October 9, adding its year-end balance sheet and cash flows to the prepayment and capex series

Micron's 10-K: customer deposits rise to $13.0bn

Micron's 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 3 puts contract liabilities at $13,000mn, against $422mn at the end of May. The filing describes the balance as primarily customer deposits under strategic customer agreements: the deposit is returned if the customer meets its minimum purchase commitment and may be kept, in whole or part, if it does not. Sandisk's balance was last reported at $1,242mn, up from $511mn.

The same filing lowers Micron's ratio of trailing-twelve-month capex to operating cash flow from 0.49 to 0.34: capex of $30.7bn against operating cash flow of $89.7bn. One of twelve cohort members has capex above operating cash flow (Amazon, 1.07); the capex-trap tripwire fires at three.

Neither change moves a tripwire. Seven of eight remain not fired. The fired one still records that two of the five memory makers, SK Hynix and Kioxia, reported below consensus at their most recent result. Korean chip exports in the three months to September were 29.9% above the prior three, and hyperscaler capex rose 27.2% quarter on quarter in the second quarter.

Micron's deposits are a different instrument from prepayments consumed as product ships. Because they are scheduled to be repaid years out, a later fall in Micron's balance may reflect scheduled repayment as much as weaker demand, and the customer-advances tripwire would read both the same way. The next scheduled readings are hyperscaler reports from about October 21, Korean and Japanese memory-maker results from about October 28, and October Korea exports on November 1.

2026-10-02Baseline: the July equity decline against the cycle series

Through September the shipment, pricing and demand-side series do not show a cycle turn: Korean chip exports set a record and hyperscaler capex is still rising. The one fired tripwire records SK Hynix and Kioxia reporting below consensus in July. The largest change in the record is the contract price outlook, where forecast quarterly increases fell from roughly 60% to roughly 15%.

This entry opens the ledger. Ten series are backfilled, eight tripwires are stated as of today, and one of them reads as fired at the outset. Because the tripwires were worded after July 2026, they can only be scored against data that prints from here on.

Between late June and late July 2026 the shares of every large memory maker fell sharply. On closing prices, Sandisk fell 56% from June 25 to July 29, SK Hynix 55%, Samsung 43%, Micron 39% and Kioxia 65%, against 29% for a broad semiconductor benchmark. All five have since recovered part of the move and remain 12% to 47% below their June highs.

The series that describe the industry itself did not turn over the same weeks. Korean semiconductor exports were $44.8bn in June, $41.0bn in July, $46.7bn in August and a record $60.3bn in September. Combined capex at the four hyperscalers rose 27% quarter on quarter to $165bn in the second quarter, and Meta, Alphabet and Amazon each raised their 2026 capex guide in late July. Customer prepayments on Sandisk's balance sheet rose from $511mn to $1,242mn in the quarter to early July.

One series did change character. TrendForce's contract price outlook, which had called for conventional DRAM up 58 to 63% and NAND up 70 to 75% in the second quarter, was published on July 3 at up 13 to 18% and up 10 to 15% for the third, and on September 30 at up 10 to 15% and up 15 to 20% for the fourth. Prices are still forecast to rise; the pace of increase fell by roughly three quarters in one step. That release came within a week of the equity peak.

Two things that coincided with the decline were not measured by the earlier version of this tracker, and both are series here now. First, delivery against expectations: on July 29 SK Hynix reported operating profit of 60.5 trillion won, more than six times the year before and below a 64 trillion won consensus, and Kioxia reported below consensus two days later. Second, Chinese supply: CXMT listed in Shanghai on July 27 after raising RMB 57.9bn, and research-firm estimates put its share of global DRAM revenue near 10% in the second quarter, up from about 4% a year earlier.

Assessment at baseline: through September the shipment, pricing and demand-side series do not show a cycle turn. Seven of eight tripwires are not fired. The one that is fired records that two of the five memory makers reported below consensus at their most recent result; Micron's September 30 report came in above (earnings per share of 33.42 against an estimate of 32.56). The slowing rate of contract price increases appears to be the most informative change in the record so far, and the next TrendForce outlook and the October Korea export print are the next scheduled readings on it.

Data freshness

Freshness is measured on the date of each series' newest data point, not on when it was last fetched. A source that stops publishing shows as stale here even if the fetch keeps succeeding. The bar is the age of the newest point against that series' limit.

SeriesSourceNewest dataAge against limitStatus
Korea semiconductor exportsKorea Customs Service / MOTIE monthly trade release, via same-day press2026-09-309 of 45 days○ current
Contract price outlook (TrendForce)TrendForce press center2026-09-309 of 110 days○ current
Capex / operating cash flowSEC XBRL companyfacts2026-09-0336 of 150 days○ current
Hyperscaler capex, realizedSEC XBRL companyfacts2026-06-30101 of 150 days○ current
Hyperscaler capex guidanceCompany earnings releases and calls2026-07-3071 of 150 days○ current
Customer prepayments at memory makersSEC XBRL companyfacts2026-09-0336 of 150 days○ current
Results vs consensus, US memory makersFinnhub2026-09-309 of 150 days○ current
Results vs consensus, non-US memory makersCompany releases via same-day press2026-07-3170 of 150 days○ current
China memory supplyResearch-firm estimates and company filings via press2026-09-2415 of 200 days○ current
Cohort equity pricesYahoo Finance chart endpoint2026-10-090 of 6 days○ current

The ledger tracks the industry cycle (pricing, shipments, capital commitment, demand-side spending). Equity prices are shown as context and are not treated as a cycle indicator. Every figure traces to a filing, an official release or a named estimate, linked in the tables above. Estimates from research firms differ in definition and may be revised. This is educational content documenting an industry cycle, not investment advice.