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Signal

Accounting Integrity

Can we trust the reported numbers to reflect economic reality?

Assessment Spectrum

CLEAN
QUESTIONABLE
CONCERNING
ALARMING
BestWorst
How This Signal Affects Analysis
This signal provides a standardized assessment that makes it easy to compare across different companies. When multiple lenses produce this signal, disagreements surface where the evidence is ambiguous.

Assessment Labels

Every analysis assigns one of 4 categorical labels to this signal. Labels represent a spectrum from best to worst assessment.

CLEANBest outcome

Financial statements accurately reflect economic reality. No material concerns about revenue recognition, cash flow reconciliation, or disclosure quality.

QUESTIONABLEPositive outcome

Some accounting choices raise questions but may have legitimate explanations. Warrants monitoring but not immediate concern.

CONCERNINGConcerning outcome

Multiple indicators suggest aggressive accounting or inadequate disclosure. Material risk that reported numbers overstate economic reality.

ALARMINGWorst outcome

Strong evidence of accounting manipulation, fraudulent reporting, or severe governance failures. High probability that stated financials are materially misleading.

What This Signal Captures

Revenue recognition qualityCFO/NI divergenceNon-GAAP abuseRelated-party transactionsAuditor flagsRestatement history

Lenses That Produce This Signal

Multiple lenses can assess the same signal independently. When lenses disagree, we surface the conflict rather than hiding it.

Fugazi Filter

Are the reported numbers trustworthy?

Consolidation Calibrator

Is this acquisition strategy creating or destroying value?

All ConceptsLearn about Evidence Levels