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Earnings AnalysisXYZ

XYZ Q4 2025: GP +24% YoY (4th Acceleration), 40% Headcount Cut, Borrow +223%

Matt RuncheySHORELINE, WA — February 26, 2026 · 6:30 PM PST6 min

Block delivered the most consequential quarter in its post-rebrand history. Gross profit of $2.87B (+24% YoY) marked the fourth consecutive quarter of acceleration (Q1 +9%, Q2 +14%, Q3 +18%, Q4 +24%), while a 40% headcount reduction — from 10,000+ to approximately 6,000 — repositioned the company as an AI-restructured fintech with dramatically different unit economics. Borrow originations surged +223% YoY in what management called the strongest quarter ever for first-time lending actives. After hours, the stock traded at $66.50.

Our committee maintained all signal labels with zero classification changes but recorded one trajectory shift: COMPETITIVE_POSITION moved from NARROWING to STABILIZING as Cash App's 59M MAU returned to growth and Square GPV re-accelerated past 10%. The key new finding is a data paradox at the heart of the lending story: Block is building Cash App Score as a sophisticated third-party credit scoring service while declining to share vintage data or specific loss rates with its own investors.

By the Numbers

Q4 Gross Profit
$2.87B
+24% YoY, 4th quarter of acceleration
FY2025 Gross Profit
$10.36B
+17% YoY
Q4 AOI
$588M
+46% YoY
Cash App GP
$1.83B
+33% YoY
Headcount
~6,000
Down from 10,000+ (-40%)
Borrow Originations
+223%
YoY, strongest quarter ever
FY2025 Buybacks
$2.3B
$790M in Q4 alone
After-Hours Price
$66.50
Exceeded Rule of 40 in Q4

The 40% Headcount Cut: AI as Operating System

The headline number is stark: Block reduced its workforce from over 10,000 to approximately 6,000 employees. CEO Jack Dorsey framed this as structural rather than cyclical: “Intelligence tools have changed what it means to build and run a company.” Developer velocity increased +40% since September. The full financial impact begins flowing through in Q2-Q3 2026.

The productivity claim is unusually concrete for an AI restructuring narrative. Block is not merely layering AI onto existing workflows — it is fundamentally resizing the organization around a smaller, higher-output workforce. If sustained, this represents a permanent step-function improvement in operating leverage. The 2026 AOI guidance of $3.2B (+54% YoY) with 6 points of margin expansion reflects management's confidence that the cuts are structural.

Concentration Risk: Two Assumptions Carry the Thesis
ASSUMPTION_FRAGILITY now carries two concentrated bets: (1) AI productivity gains sustain — if developer velocity reverses or quality degrades, the cost savings unwind into both higher OpEx and institutional knowledge loss, and (2) lending loss rates remain manageable — the +223% origination surge with “higher portfolio losses in Dec/Jan from new cohort mix” is described as “by design” but remains unverified without vintage data. A simultaneous reversal on both fronts would be material.

Borrow: +223% and the Data Paradox

Borrow originations grew +223% YoY in Q4, contributing to +69% consumer lending growth overall. Management reported the strongest quarter ever for first-time Borrow actives and noted that higher portfolio losses in December and January reflected new cohort mix “by design.” As of mid-February, management stated “all 2026 cohorts trending below risk loss targets.”

The paradox: Block is simultaneously developing Cash App Score as a third-party credit scoring service — implying it possesses sophisticated credit data on its 59M MAU base — while declining to provide investors with vintage data or specific loss rates. This asymmetry is the single most important analytical gap in the thesis. The credit data exists; it is being productized for external consumption. But it is not being shared with the investors funding the risk.

Cash App Score: Sophisticated Data, Selective Disclosure
Cash App Score is being developed as a third-party credit service, leveraging Block's proprietary transaction data across 59M MAU. This confirms the company possesses detailed credit analytics. The question is not whether Block understands its credit risk — it clearly does — but why that understanding is available to potential third-party customers while remaining unavailable to equity investors evaluating a +223% origination surge.

Cash App: 59M MAU, PBA Inflection

Monthly active users returned to growth at 59M (from 58M), reversing the stagnation that concerned our prior assessment. More significant is the PBA (price-based actives) metric: 9.3M, +22% YoY. Cash App Green — a feature launched in 2025 — is driving 7x engagement lift among users who adopt it. Cash App Pay reached 8M+ actives, up +55% YoY.

The engagement flywheel appears to be working: more features drive more monetizable activity per user, which in turn drives the +33% GP growth. Whether this compounds or plateaus depends on whether Cash App can sustain feature adoption cadence against increasingly feature-rich competitors (Venmo, Apple Pay, Zelle).

Square: GPV Re-Acceleration

Square GPV grew +10.3% in Q4, crossing the 10% threshold that our forecast market tracked. More notable: Q1 2026 QTD is running above 12%, suggesting genuine re-acceleration rather than a one-quarter anomaly. New vendor acquisitions (NVA) grew +29% in Q4 — the strongest year ever — with sales-led NVA up +62% YoY.

The sales-led motion appears to be working. This was a strategic pivot from Block's historically self-serve model, and the +62% growth in sales-led NVA suggests the upmarket push is gaining traction. The question is whether the incremental revenue per sales-acquired merchant justifies the higher acquisition cost relative to self-serve.

2026 Guidance: Raised Across the Board

Management raised all key guidance metrics from the November 2025 Investor Day:

2026 GP Guidance
$12.2B
+18% YoY (raised from 17%)
2026 AOI Guidance
$3.2B
+54% YoY, 6pts margin expansion
2026 EPS Guidance
$3.66
+54% YoY
Q1 2026 GP Guidance
$2.8B
+22% YoY

Forecast Market Resolutions

Two forecast markets resolved with this earnings event:

MarketOutcomeBrier ScoreQuality
Q4 GP Growth >15% YoYYES (24%)0.020Excellent
Square GPV Growth >10%YES (10.3%)0.102Good

The GP growth market resolved with a Brier score of 0.020 — near-perfect calibration. The ensemble assigned 86% probability pre- earnings, and the actual 24% growth exceeded the 15% threshold decisively. The Square GPV market was tighter: the ensemble assigned 68% probability, and the 10.3% actual result barely cleared the 10% threshold, yielding a Brier of 0.102 — still well-calibrated.

Signal Assessment

Zero signal label changes. One trajectory shift:

SignalAssessmentChange
COMPETITIVE_POSITIONCONTESTEDTrajectory: NARROWING to STABILIZING
ASSUMPTION_FRAGILITYCONCENTRATED2 key assumptions (lending + AI productivity)
NARRATIVE_REALITY_GAPDIVERGINGMaintained — Cash App Score paradox noted
ACCOUNTING_INTEGRITYQUESTIONABLEMaintained — no vintage data disclosed

The COMPETITIVE_POSITION trajectory shift from NARROWING to STABILIZING reflects tangible evidence: Cash App MAU returned to growth (59M from 58M), Square GPV re-accelerated past 10%, and the sales-led NVA motion is producing +62% growth. These are operational metrics, not narrative claims.

What to Watch

Borrow Vintage Data Disclosure10-K Filing (March 2026)

The +223% origination surge demands vintage-level loss data. If the 10-K still omits this, the data paradox deepens.

AI Productivity SustainabilityQ1 2026 Earnings (May)

Developer velocity +40% is the claim. First full quarter of restructured operations will reveal whether productivity holds or regresses.

Q1 GP Growth TrajectoryQ1 2026 Earnings (May)

Guided $2.8B (+22%). A fifth consecutive quarter of acceleration above 20% would be unprecedented. Deceleration would be normal.

Cash App Score Launch Details2026

Productizing credit data for third parties while withholding it from investors creates a credibility gap that must resolve.

Lending Loss Rates: 2026 CohortsQuarterly Updates

Management says all 2026 cohorts trend below risk targets as of mid-Feb. This is the most important claim to verify over time.

Bottom Line
Block's Q4 2025 represents a company attempting to reinvent itself simultaneously on three fronts: AI-driven workforce restructuring, aggressive lending expansion, and Cash App monetization. The numbers are genuinely strong — +24% GP growth, +46% AOI growth, exceeded Rule of 40. But the two concentrated assumptions underlying the thesis (AI productivity sustains, lending losses stay manageable) remain largely unverified. The Cash App Score paradox — sophisticated credit data for third parties, no vintage data for investors — is the analytical gap that matters most. The next two quarters of operational data may determine whether Block has found a durable new operating model or is temporarily benefiting from cost cuts that mask underlying risk accumulation in the lending book.

This report was generated by the Runchey Research AI Ensemble using primary SEC data and reviewed by Matthew Runchey for accuracy.

This analysis is for educational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice. See our Editorial Integrity & Disclosure Policy and Terms of Service.